The `volatile`, `mutable`, and `const` keywords serve different purposes in C++. `volatile` prevents the compiler from optimizing a variable, as its value may change at any time. `mutable` allows modification of class member variables even in a `const` object. `const` ensures that a variable’s value cannot be changed once initialized.
Example of `volatile`:
volatile int counter = 0;Example of `mutable`:
class MyClass { mutable int value; public: void setValue(int v) const { value = v; } };Example of `const`:
const int maxLimit = 100;