In C++, memory allocation can be done using new and malloc(). Both serve to allocate memory, but they work differently. The new operator initializes objects, while malloc() does not. Using new calls the constructor for the allocated object. In contrast, malloc() returns a void pointer without initialization.
Consider this example:
“`cpp
#include
using namespace std;
class Test {
public:
Test() { cout << "Constructor called" << endl; }
};
int main() {
Test* obj1 = new Test(); // Calls constructor
Test* obj2 = (Test*)malloc(sizeof(Test)); // Does not call constructor
return 0;
}
```
In this example, the constructor is called with new but not with malloc(). Additionally, memory allocated with new must be released with delete. Malloc() requires free() for deallocation. This distinction is vital for resource management.
Using new is generally preferred in C++ for object-oriented programming. It ensures proper initialization and type safety, enhancing code reliability.