Below are 15 critical Infrastructure Security interview questions:
1. What is Infrastructure Security? Infrastructure Security refers to the protection of IT infrastructure, including networks, data centers, and servers, from cyber threats.
2. What is a firewall and how does it enhance infrastructure security? A firewall filters incoming and outgoing network traffic to block unauthorized access to the system.
# Example: Basic iptables firewall configuration in Linux
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -j DROP
3. What are some common infrastructure security threats? Threats include DDoS attacks, ransomware, phishing, insider threats, and misconfigurations.
4. How does VPN secure remote infrastructure access? VPN encrypts the connection between the user and the infrastructure, preventing unauthorized access and data interception.
5. What is the principle of least privilege in infrastructure security? The principle of least privilege ensures that users only have access to the resources they need to perform their tasks, minimizing security risks.
6. How does monitoring play a role in infrastructure security? Monitoring tools track network and system activity to detect and respond to potential security threats in real-time.
7. How do intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS) protect infrastructure? IDPS monitors network traffic and automatically takes action to prevent attacks like malware, intrusions, and DDoS attacks.
8. How do patch management policies contribute to infrastructure security? Regular patching ensures that software and systems are up to date with the latest security fixes to prevent vulnerabilities.
9. What is network segmentation and why is it important? Network segmentation isolates critical systems from general network traffic, reducing the attack surface and containing threats.
10. How does DNS security protect against threats? DNS security protects the integrity of the Domain Name System, preventing attacks like DNS spoofing and cache poisoning.
11. What is two-factor authentication and how does it enhance infrastructure security? Two-factor authentication (2FA) adds an extra layer of security by requiring a second form of identification in addition to the password.
12. What role do encryption protocols play in securing infrastructure? Encryption protocols, such as TLS and SSL, protect data in transit and ensure secure communications between servers and clients.
13. How can cloud security be integrated into infrastructure security? Cloud security policies ensure that cloud environments are protected with the same principles and tools used in traditional infrastructure security.
14. What is the role of vulnerability management in infrastructure security? Vulnerability management identifies, assesses, and mitigates vulnerabilities in systems, networks, and applications.
15. How does physical security contribute to infrastructure security? Physical security measures, such as surveillance, restricted access, and security personnel, protect data centers and hardware from physical threats.
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