Below are 15 interview questions on Infrastructure as Code (IaC):
1. What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC)? IaC automates the provisioning and management of infrastructure using code.
2. How does IaC differ from traditional infrastructure management? IaC replaces manual configurations with code, enabling automation, repeatability, and scalability.
3. Name some common IaC tools. Popular IaC tools include Terraform, Ansible, CloudFormation, and Chef.
4. How does Terraform handle infrastructure provisioning? Terraform uses a declarative language to define infrastructure and manage its lifecycle.
# Example Terraform configuration
provider "aws" {{
region = "us-east-1"
}}
resource "aws_instance" "example" {{
ami = "ami-0c55b159cbfafe1f0"
instance_type = "t2.micro"
}}
5. What is a state file in Terraform? The state file contains the current state of the infrastructure managed by Terraform.
6. How does IaC support multi-cloud strategies? IaC tools like Terraform allow provisioning across multiple cloud providers, enabling multi-cloud management.
7. What are the benefits of using IaC? Benefits include consistency, faster deployments, automation, and version control of infrastructure.
8. How do you manage secrets in IaC? Secrets are managed using tools like AWS Secrets Manager, HashiCorp Vault, or encrypted environment variables.
9. What is the difference between declarative and imperative IaC? Declarative IaC specifies the desired state, while imperative IaC defines the steps to achieve that state.
10. What is the role of version control in IaC? Version control systems like Git track changes to IaC code, ensuring collaboration and traceability.
11. How does IaC integrate with CI/CD pipelines? IaC is integrated into CI/CD pipelines to automate the provisioning of infrastructure as part of the software delivery process.
12. How does IaC ensure consistency across environments? IaC ensures that the same code is used to provision infrastructure in different environments, ensuring consistency.
13. What are some best practices for IaC? Best practices include using modular code, version control, and integrating IaC with CI/CD pipelines.
14. How does IaC handle infrastructure drift? Infrastructure drift is managed by regularly applying the IaC code to ensure that the actual state matches the desired state.
15. What are the challenges of implementing IaC? Challenges include managing complexity, ensuring security, and integrating IaC with existing systems.
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