Docker and Kubernetes are pivotal technologies in modern DevOps workflows. If you’re preparing for an interview in this area, mastering the following questions will significantly boost your chances of success.
1. What is Docker, and why is it used?
Docker is an open-source platform used for developing, shipping, and running applications inside lightweight containers. It enables developers to package an application with all of its dependencies to ensure consistency across environments.
2. What are Docker containers, and how do they work?
Docker containers encapsulate an application and its dependencies in an isolated environment, allowing them to run consistently regardless of where they are deployed.
3. How do Docker and Kubernetes complement each other?
While Docker is used for containerization, Kubernetes is an orchestration tool that helps manage and scale containerized applications across multiple nodes.
4. What are the main components of Kubernetes architecture?
The key components of Kubernetes architecture include the master node, worker nodes, etcd (a key-value store), the scheduler, the controller manager, and kubelets.
5. What is a Kubernetes pod?
A pod is the smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes and consists of one or more containers that share the same storage and network resources.
6. What is the purpose of Kubernetes namespaces?
Namespaces in Kubernetes allow for the separation of resources within a cluster, enabling multiple teams or applications to use the same cluster without conflict.
7. How do you scale applications in Kubernetes?
Kubernetes supports both manual and automatic scaling of applications through its Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA), which adjusts the number of pods based on resource usage like CPU or memory.
8. What is the role of a Kubernetes service?
A Kubernetes service abstracts a set of pods and provides a stable endpoint for them, enabling seamless communication between different services in the cluster.
9. What is Helm, and how is it used in Kubernetes?
Helm is a package manager for Kubernetes that allows users to define, install, and upgrade complex Kubernetes applications through reusable “charts.”
10. What is the difference between a ReplicaSet and a StatefulSet in Kubernetes?
A ReplicaSet ensures that a specified number of identical pods are running at any given time, while a StatefulSet manages stateful applications, maintaining the identity of each pod.
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