Here are 15 essential DevSecOps interview questions:
1. What is DevSecOps? DevSecOps is the integration of security practices within the DevOps pipeline to ensure that security is a part of the entire software development lifecycle.
2. How is DevSecOps different from traditional security? Traditional security is often reactive, while DevSecOps integrates security proactively into the development pipeline.
# Example: Integrating security scanning in a CI/CD pipeline using Python
import subprocess
result = subprocess.run(["bandit", "-r", "my_project"], capture_output=True, text=True)
print(result.stdout)
3. How does CI/CD fit into DevSecOps? CI/CD pipelines in DevSecOps integrate security checks, such as code scanning and vulnerability assessments, during the development process.
4. What is the purpose of security automation in DevSecOps? Security automation reduces manual effort by automatically running security tests, scans, and compliance checks in the CI/CD pipeline.
5. What tools are used in DevSecOps? Common tools include Jenkins, Docker, Kubernetes, OWASP ZAP, and SonarQube for continuous security testing.
6. How does container security work in DevSecOps? Container security focuses on ensuring that containers are free from vulnerabilities and that they are securely configured.
7. What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC) and how does it relate to DevSecOps? IaC automates infrastructure provisioning, and security practices like static code analysis and policy enforcement can be integrated into the IaC process.
8. What is OWASP and how does it relate to DevSecOps? OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) provides guidelines and tools to help secure web applications as part of the DevSecOps pipeline.
9. What are some common security practices in DevSecOps? Common practices include vulnerability scanning, code reviews, automated security testing, and implementing least privilege access controls.
10. How is threat modeling integrated into DevSecOps? Threat modeling identifies potential security threats early in the development process and helps design appropriate mitigations.
11. How does DevSecOps improve the security of microservices? DevSecOps ensures that each microservice is independently tested and monitored for security vulnerabilities.
12. What is continuous security monitoring in DevSecOps? Continuous security monitoring tracks system and network activity to detect potential security threats in real-time.
13. How does secure coding play a role in DevSecOps? Secure coding practices help ensure that code is free from common vulnerabilities like SQL injection, XSS, and buffer overflows.
14. What are security policies in DevSecOps? Security policies define rules and configurations that guide how systems and code should be securely managed throughout the DevSecOps lifecycle.
15. How does DevSecOps handle regulatory compliance? DevSecOps integrates compliance checks, ensuring that applications adhere to regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, and PCI-DSS.
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