How Do You Optimize I/O-Bound and CPU-Bound Tasks in Python?

Optimizing I/O-bound tasks involves using asynchronous programming and efficient I/O operations. CPU-bound tasks can be optimized using multi-processing and efficient algorithms.

Example for I/O-bound:

import asyncio

async def fetch_data():
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    return 'data'

# Example for CPU-bound
from multiprocessing import Pool

def compute(x):
    return x * x

with Pool(5) as p:
    print(p.map(compute, range(10)))